Basic Principles of Traffic Cycling
CAN-BIKE Program

There are five basic principles of cycling in traffic. All drivers, regardless of the type of vehicle they drive, follow the same basic traffic principles. The size and speed of your vehicle may influence how you apply these principles, but the reason is the same: to reduce conflicts between road users. Understanding and following these five basic principles will enable you - as a cyclist - to ride safely in most traffic situations.

The five principles are:

Drive on the right side of the roadway, never on the left and never on the sidewalk. Cyclists who ride facing traffic are more vulnerable, because other drivers do not expect wrong-way traffic. Sidewalk riding is also very hazardous, because each driveway or lane becomes, in effect, an intersection.

Know how and when to yield to crossing traffic. Yielding means deciding if you must yield and, if so, waiting until it is safe to go. There are two basic rules for drivers who meet at intersections: (a) the driver on the minor street or lane yields to the driver on the major street; and (b) at an uncontrolled intersection, the driver who arrives last yields or, if the drivers arrive at the same time, the one on the left yields.

Know how and when to yield to same-direction traffic. Every driver who wants to move into a new line of travel must yield to traffic already in that line. Before moving sideways on the road you must look behind to check that it is safe to do so.

Use "destination positioning" at intersections. Your position entering an intersection depends on your intended direction beyond the intersection. At a simple intersection, start a left turn from near the centreline and a right turn from near the curb. At a multiple-lane intersection, choose the right-most lane that serves your destination.

Use "speed positioning" between intersections. Positioning between intersections depends on your speed relative to other traffic and the useable width of the road. Generally, slower traffic is nearer the curb and faster traffic is nearer the centreline. In a lane that is too narrow to share, ride in the middle. In a wide lane, if you are the faster vehicle, pass on the left and don't squeeze between moving cars and the curb. It is all right to pass a left-turning vehicle on its right.

There are many other skills, including emergency manoeuvres taught in the CAN-BIKE Program. The five principles outlined above are a good start, and you must must know and use them if you expect to ride safely and confidently.

Source: Forester, John, Effective Cycling, MIT Press, 1993

Borealis Outdoor Adventure
Home Page